Water speedily running down over
the surface erodes the soil and little water percolates down to subsurface
water table. By creating obstructions in the passage of water as it runs down
over the surface, we can check its flow speed thus allowing more water to
percolate down.
Topography in a narrow sense involves the recording of relief or terrains, the three-dimensional quality of the surface, and the identification of specific land forms. This is also known as geomorphometry. In modern usage, this involves generation of elevation data in digital form . It is often considered to include the graphic representation of the land form on a map by a variety of techniques including contours lines.

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